android，flutter 混合开发，pigeon通信，传参

news/2025/2/21 2:58:43

文章目录

        • app效果
        • native和flutter通信的基础知识
          • 1. 编解码器 一致性和完整性，安全性，性能优化
          • 2. android代码
          • 3. dart代码
        • 1. 创建flutter_module
        • 2.修改 Android 项目的 settings.gradle，添加 Flutter module
        • 3. 在 Android app 的 build.gradle 中添加依赖
        • 4. 原生和flutter_module通信BasePlugin
        • 5. io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.util.GeneratedPluginRegister 自动注册插件
        • 6 手动注册
        • 7. 通信关闭flutter页面
        • 8. dartEntrypointArgs传入参数
        • 9. 通信传入参数
          • 9.1 发送参数
          • 9.1 接收参数
        • 10. android代码
        • 11 源码

app效果
在这里插入图片描述
flutter_5">native和flutter通信的基础知识

低级的消息通道，一般不直接使用
ServicesBinding.instance.defaultBinaryMessenger
高级别的消息通道，对defaultBinaryMessenger进行了封装，提供的更简单的api发送和接收消息
BasicMessageChannel MethodChannel EventChannel
MethodChannel EventChannel底层都是基于BasicMessageChannel

1. 编解码器 一致性和完整性，安全性，性能优化

MethodChannel,EventChannel->StandardMethodCodec
BasicMessageChannel->StandardMessageCodec
StandardMessageCodec：支持基本的数据类型（字符串、数字、布尔值、字节数组、列表、映射等）。
StandardMethodCodec：除了支持基本的数据类型外，还支持方法调用的参数和返回结果的编码和解码。
StringCodec：由于只处理字符串，StringCodec 的实现更为简单，性能更高

android_20">2. android代码
override fun configureFlutterEngine(@NonNull flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {
        basicMessageChannel = BasicMessageChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor.binaryMessenger, BASIC_CHANNEL, StringCodec.INSTANCE)
        //创建MethodChannel
        methodChannel =
            MethodChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor, BASIC_CHANNEL, StandardMethodCodec.INSTANCE)

        //创建EventChannel
        eventChannel = EventChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor, BASIC_CHANNEL)


        basicMessageChannel.send("dddd")
        basicMessageChannel.setMessageHandler { message, reply ->
            reply.reply("dddd")
            Log.e("dddd", message.toString())
        }

        methodChannel.invokeMethod("getPlatformVersion", null)
        methodChannel.setMethodCallHandler { call, result ->
            when (call.method) {
                "getPlatformVersion" -> {
                    result.success("Android ${android.os.Build.VERSION.RELEASE}")
                }

                else -> {
                    result.notImplemented()
                }
            }
        }

        eventChannel.setStreamHandler(object : EventChannel.StreamHandler {
            override fun onListen(arguments: Any?, events: EventChannel.EventSink?) {
                eventSink = events
                eventSink?.success("Event")
            }

            override fun onCancel(arguments: Any?) {
                eventSink = null
            }
        })

    }
3. dart代码
class _StudyChannelState extends State<StudyChannel> {
  MethodChannel methodChannel = const MethodChannel('base_plugin');
  EventChannel eventChannel = const EventChannel('base_plugin');
  static const basicMessageChannel = BasicMessageChannel<String>('base_plugin', StringCodec());  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    //只接收
    eventChannel.receiveBroadcastStream().listen((value){

    });

    //监听
    methodChannel.setMethodCallHandler((call){
      call.method == "getData" ? print("getData") : print("method=$call");
      return Future.value("methodChannel=$call");
    });
    //执行，相当于发送
    methodChannel.invokeListMethod("getData");

    //发送
    basicMessageChannel.send("data");
    //监听
    basicMessageChannel.setMessageHandler((message){
      return Future.value("basicMessageChannel=$message");
    });

  }
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const Placeholder();
  }
}
flutter_module_100">1. 创建flutter_module

File->New->New Flutter Project
name为flutter_module
选择project type为module

2.修改 Android 项目的 settings.gradle，添加 Flutter module
pluginManagement {
    repositories {
        google {
            content {
                includeGroupByRegex("com\\.android.*")
                includeGroupByRegex("com\\.google.*")
                includeGroupByRegex("androidx.*")
            }
        }
        mavenCentral()
        gradlePluginPortal()
    }
}
dependencyResolutionManagement {
    repositoriesMode.set(RepositoriesMode.PREFER_SETTINGS)
    repositories {
        google()
        mavenCentral()
        maven(url = "https://storage.googleapis.com/download.flutter.io")
    }
}

rootProject.name = "hunheandroid"
include(":app")
//主要是这一句
apply(from = "../flutter_module/.android/include_flutter.groovy")
3. 在 Android app 的 build.gradle 中添加依赖
dependencies {
    implementation(project(":flutter"))
}
flutter_moduleBasePlugin_149">4. 原生和flutter_module通信BasePlugin

参考文章生成对应的io/flutter/plugins/Messages.g.kt
用pigeon kotlin swift写一个自己的插件
拷贝BasePlugin

package io.flutter.plugins

import android.app.Activity
import android.util.Log
import androidx.annotation.NonNull
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.FlutterPlugin
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.activity.ActivityAware
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.activity.ActivityPluginBinding


/** BasePlugin */
/** BasePlugin */
class BasePlugin : FlutterPlugin, HostMessageApi, ActivityAware {

    companion object {
        private var flutterMessageApi: FlutterMessageApi? = null
        fun getFlutterMessageApi(): FlutterMessageApi? {
            return flutterMessageApi
        }
    }

    private var activity: Activity? = null
    private var tag = "BasePlugin"
    override fun onAttachedToEngine(@NonNull flutterPluginBinding: FlutterPlugin.FlutterPluginBinding) {
        Log.e(tag, "onAttachedToEngine-start")
        HostMessageApi.setUp(flutterPluginBinding.binaryMessenger, this)
        flutterMessageApi = FlutterMessageApi(flutterPluginBinding.binaryMessenger)
        Log.e(tag, "onAttachedToEngine-end")
    }

    override fun onDetachedFromEngine(@NonNull binding: FlutterPlugin.FlutterPluginBinding) {
        HostMessageApi.setUp(binding.binaryMessenger, null)
    }

    override fun flutter2Native(message: String, type: Long): String {
        print("flutter2Native=message=start=>$message=type=$type")
        return "flutter2Native=message=$message=type=$type"
    }

    override fun flutter2NativeAsync(
        message: String,
        type: Long,
        callback: (Result<String>) -> Unit
    ) {
        print("flutter2NativeAsync=message=$message=type=$type")
        callback(Result.success("flutter2NativeAsync=message=$message=type=$type"))
        if (type == 1L) {
            closeCurrentActivity()
        }
    }

    private fun closeCurrentActivity() {
        activity?.finish()
    }

    override fun onAttachedToActivity(binding: ActivityPluginBinding) {
        this.activity = binding.activity
    }

    override fun onDetachedFromActivityForConfigChanges() {

    }

    override fun onReattachedToActivityForConfigChanges(binding: ActivityPluginBinding) {

    }

    override fun onDetachedFromActivity() {
        this.activity = null
    }
}
flutterembeddingenginepluginsutilGeneratedPluginRegister__233">5. io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.util.GeneratedPluginRegister 自动注册插件
 public static void registerGeneratedPlugins(@NonNull FlutterEngine flutterEngine) {
    try {
      Class<?> generatedPluginRegistrant =
          Class.forName("io.flutter.plugins.GeneratedPluginRegistrant");
      Method registrationMethod =
          generatedPluginRegistrant.getDeclaredMethod("registerWith", FlutterEngine.class);
      registrationMethod.invoke(null, flutterEngine);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Log.e(
          TAG,
          "Tried to automatically register plugins with FlutterEngine ("
              + flutterEngine
              + ") but could not find or invoke the GeneratedPluginRegistrant.");
      Log.e(TAG, "Received exception while registering", e);
    }
  }

package io.flutter.plugins;

import androidx.annotation.Keep;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import io.flutter.Log;

import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngine;

/**
 * Generated file. Do not edit.
 * This file is generated by the Flutter tool based on the
 * plugins that support the Android platform.
 */
@Keep
public final class GeneratedPluginRegistrant {
  private static final String TAG = "GeneratedPluginRegistrant";
  public static void registerWith(@NonNull FlutterEngine flutterEngine) {
    try {
      Log.e(TAG, "registerWith-start");
      flutterEngine.getPlugins().add(new BasePlugin());
      Log.e(TAG, "registerWith-end");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Log.e(TAG, "Error registering plugin base_plugin, com.app.base_plugin.BasePlugin", e);
    }
  }
}
6 手动注册

flutterEngine.getPlugins().add(new BasePlugin());

flutter_287">7. 通信关闭flutter页面

使用flutter和原生通信，在收到消息以后，关闭当前页面
BasePlugin实现ActivityAware，获取到activity
在收到flutter传入进来的消息的时候关闭activity

8. dartEntrypointArgs传入参数
//跳转带入参数
val initialRoute = listOf(  
                "aaa",
                "bbbb"
            )
            startActivity(
                withNewEngine()
                    .dartEntrypointArgs(initialRoute)  
                    .build(this)
            )

//args就是传入的参数
void main(List<String> args){
  print("args=$args");
  runApp(const MyApp());
}
9. 通信传入参数
9.1 发送参数
 val initialRoute = listOf(  
                "/page2",
                "bbbb"
            )
            BasePlugin.getFlutterMessageApi()?.native2Flutter(initialRoute.joinToString("#"), 1){
                Log.e(tag, "flutter2NativeAsync: $it")
                FlutterLibrary.startFlutterPage(this)
            }
9.1 接收参数

class RouterPage extends StatefulWidget {
 
  const RouterPage({super.key});

  @override
  State<RouterPage> createState() => _RouterPageState();
}

class _RouterPageState extends State<RouterPage> implements FlutterMessageApi {
  late String args;

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    FlutterMessageApi.setUp(this);
  }

  @override
  String native2Flutter(String message, int type) {
    print("native2Flutter=$message $type");
    setState(() {
      args = message;
    });

    return "我是原生调用flutter方法返回的值=》native2Flutter";
  }

  @override
  Future<String> native2FlutterAsync(String message, int type) {
    args = message;
    print("native2Flutter=$message $type");
    return Future.value("我是原生调用flutter方法返回的值=》native2FlutterAsync");
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    // final value = widget.args.isNotEmpty ? widget.args[0] : "/";
    if (args.isEmpty||!args.contains("#")) {
      return MyHomePage(title: "首页");
    }
    final value = args.split("#").first;
    switch (value) {
      case '/page2':
        return SecondPage();
    }
    print("_RouterPageState=build");
    return MyHomePage(title: "首页");
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});

  final String title;

  @override
  State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage>  {
  int _counter = 0;

  void _incrementCounter() {
    setState(() {
      _counter++;
    });
  }

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    print("_MyHomePageState=build");
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text(widget.title), leading: BackButton()),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            TextButton(
              onPressed: () {
                BasePlugin.flutter2NativeAsync("flutter2NativeAsync", 1).then((
                  value,
                ) {
                  print("flutter2NativeAsync=$value");
                });
              },
              child: Text('flutter2NativeAsync'),
            ),
            TextButton(
              onPressed: () {
                Navigator.of(context).pushNamed("/page2");
              },
              child: Text('flutter2NativeAsync'),
            ),
            const Text('You have pushed the button this many times:'),
            Text(
              '$_counter',
              style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.headlineMedium,
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: _incrementCounter,
        tooltip: 'Increment',
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ), // This trailing comma makes auto-formatting nicer for build methods.
    );
  }

}

class SecondPage extends StatelessWidget {
  const SecondPage({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    print("SecondPage=build");
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text("SecondPage")),
      body: Center(
        child: TextButton(
          onPressed: () {
            Navigator.of(context).pop();
          },
          child: Text('关闭'),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
android_468">10. android代码
package com.example.hunheandroid

import android.app.Application
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngine
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngineCache
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngineGroup
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.dart.DartExecutor
import io.flutter.plugins.BasePlugin

const val ENGINE_ID = "my_engine_id"
object FlutterLibrary {
    fun init(application: Application) {
        FlutterEngineManager.getInstance().init(application)
    }
    fun startFlutterPage(context: Context) {
        val intent = FlutterActivity
            .withCachedEngine(ENGINE_ID)
            .build(context).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
        context.startActivity(intent)
    }
}

// FlutterEngineManager.kt
class FlutterEngineManager private constructor() {
    private lateinit var engineGroup: FlutterEngineGroup
    private var engine: FlutterEngine? = null

    companion object {
        private var instance: FlutterEngineManager? = null

        fun getInstance(): FlutterEngineManager {
            return instance ?: synchronized(this) {
                instance ?: FlutterEngineManager().also { instance = it }

            }
        }
    }
    fun init(application: Application) {
        engineGroup = FlutterEngineGroup(application)
        engine = engineGroup.createAndRunEngine(
            application,
            DartExecutor.DartEntrypoint.createDefault()
        )
        FlutterEngineCache.getInstance().put(ENGINE_ID, engine)
        engine!!.plugins.add(BasePlugin())

    }

    fun getEngine(): FlutterEngine? {
        return engine
    }

    fun destroyEngine() {
        engine?.destroy()
        engine = null
    }
}

class GoFlutterActivity : FlutterActivity(), HostMessageApi {

    private val tag = "GoFlutterActivity"
    private lateinit var binding: ActivityGoFlutterBinding
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        binding = ActivityGoFlutterBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)

        setContentView(binding.root)
        binding.goFlutter.setOnClickListener {
            //跳转到flutter
            val initialRoute = listOf(  // Map 形式的参数
                "/",
                "aaaa"
            )
            BasePlugin.getFlutterMessageApi()?.native2Flutter(initialRoute.joinToString("#"), 1) {
                Log.e(tag, "flutter2NativeAsync: $it")
                FlutterLibrary.startFlutterPage(this)
            }

        }

        binding.goFlutter2.setOnClickListener {
            //跳转到flutter
            val initialRoute = listOf(  // Map 形式的参数
                "/page2",
                "bbbb"
            )
            BasePlugin.getFlutterMessageApi()?.native2Flutter(initialRoute.joinToString("#"), 1) {
                Log.e(tag, "flutter2NativeAsync: $it")
                FlutterLibrary.startFlutterPage(this)
            }

        }
    }

    override fun configureFlutterEngine(@NonNull flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {
        Log.e(tag, "configureFlutterEngine")
//        GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith(flutterEngine)
    }

    override fun flutter2Native(message: String, type: Long): String {
        Log.e(tag, "$message$type")
        return "我是flutter调用原生方法的返回值=》flutter2Native"
    }

    override fun flutter2NativeAsync(
        message: String,
        type: Long,
        callback: (Result<String>) -> Unit
    ) {
        Log.e(tag, "$message$type")
        callback(Result.success("我是flutter调用原生方法的返回值=》flutter2NativeAsync"))

    }


}
11 源码

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